Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
3.5
Conclusions
The introduction of subsidy programs for RES technologies and the setting of long-
term targets in the energy policy have created a favorable climate for the develop-
ment of RES. The support mechanisms are designed to encourage learning by doing
and innovation, by improving the competitiveness of RES compared to fossil fuels.
Drawing from experience in the EU energy system, this chapter offers a critical
overview of the existing policies supports for RES, with a focus to price-oriented
mechanisms. Regardless to the preferred support mechanism, RES supports have
broad and multiple effects and thus they are required to be contextualized with
respect to the time period.
Currently, EU countries experience a growing need for RES, for climate change
commitments, and also as an integral part of the package of recovery from the eco-
nomic crisis, with the aim of stimulating green industries. This need has highlighted
the importance of energy tariff design as a critical component of RES.
References
Aghion P, Bloom N, Blundell R, Griffith R, Howitt P (2005) Competition and innovation: an
inverted-U relationship. Q J Econ 120(2):701-728
Arrow KJ (1962) The economic implications of learning by doing. Rev Econ Studies 29(3):155-
173
Azevedo I, Jaramillio P, Rubina E, Yehb S (2013) Technology learning curves and the future cost
of electric power generation technology. Paper presented at the 18th Annual Energy and Cli-
mate Change Research Seminar, Electric Power Research Institute, Washington, DC, 22 May
2013
Council of European Energy Regulators (2013) Status review of renewable energy and energy ef-
ficiency support schemes. C12-SDE-33-03
Couture TD, Cory K, Kreycik C, Williams E (2010) A policymaker's guide to feed-in tariff policy
design. National Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Technical Report NREL/TP-
6A2-44849
Delbono F, Denicolo V (1991) Incentives to innovate in a cournot oligopoly. Q J Econ 106(3):951-
961 (Published by: Oxford University, No. 3 (Aug., 1991)
European Commission (1997) Communication (1997) 599 final on energy for the future: renew-
able sources of energy. White Paper for a Community strategy and action plan
European Commission (2013) Communication staff working document SWD (2013) 440 final on
guidance on the use of renewable energy cooperation mechanism
European Commission (2001) Directive 2001/77/EC of the European Parliament and of the Coun-
cil of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy
sources in the internal electricity market. Off J Eur Union L 283:33-40
European Commission (2003) Directive 2003/96/EC of 27 October 2003 restructuring the com-
munity framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity. Off J Eur Union L
283:51-70
European Commission (2014) IP/14/400 State aid: Commission adopts new rules on public sup-
port for environmental protection and energy
European Renewable Energy Council (EREC) (2014) Costs of renewable energy sources (RES).
EREC Factsheet
Grübler A, Nakićenović N, Victor DG (1999) Dynamics of energy technologies and global change.
Energy Policy 27(5):247-280
Search WWH ::




Custom Search