Reduction of Contaminants in Soil and Water By Direct Electric Current - Electrokinetics for Petroleum and Environmental Engineers - page 71

1

EO
EO+Surfacetant
EO+Surfacetant+Consurfactant

0.8

0.6

Direction of anionic
surfacement injection

0.4

0.2

0 0

0.25 0.5 0.75 1

Distance From Anode, x/L

Figure 2.28 Post-EK distribution of the normalized concentration of total PAHs in coal
tar contaminated specimens from an MGP site in Illinois (Pamukcu, 1994)

transporting the contaminants into the electrode chambers,
mainly to the anode.
Pamukcu and Pervizpour (1998b), through well-con-
trolled experiments, demonstrated the EK aided transport
of TCE (trichloroethylene) in contaminated soil samples
from Lawrence Livermore DOE Complex site in California.
Soil cores were injected with TCE using groundwater col-
lected from the site and spiked with TCE below its solubility
limit. The injection of TCE into the soil was accomplished
using only electroosmotically aided transport of the solution
from the anode (influent) to the cathode (effluent) cham-
ber of the test cell. Figure 2.29 shows the trace and break-
through of TCE in the cathode, while the concentration of
TCE in anode was kept constant under its solubility limit.
The breakthrough at the cathode occurred at approximately
1.5 pore volumes of flow. The hydraulic conductivity and the
electrosmotic conductivity of the soil specimen were mea-
sured as k h =10 -8 cm/sec and k eo = 2x10 -6 cm 2 /sec.V, respec-
tively. The equivalent hydraulic conductivity, k eh under EO
attained an average value of 5x10 -6 cm/sec, producing steady
flux of TCE into the cathode chamber. The tracer curve is
indicative of a solute that undergoes partitioning between
the solid and the liquid phase, therefore retardation of TCE
on the solid phase was expected. Nevertheless, these results