Content Structure - HTML QuickStart Guide: The Simplified Beginner's Guide to HTML - page 79

Headers and Footers
The <header> element groups together introductory content that may also include naviga-
tional links. The <header> usually wraps the heading section of a website including the logo,
tagline, and navigation menu. It can also appear at the beginning of an article and include
content such as a title, a byline and maybe some links to article subtopics. Traditionally,
when we think of a header, we imagine only one header per page. In an HTML5 document
we can have more than one <header> section as long as each <header> section relates to
different content.
For example, in our sample CV we can include the Curriculum Vitae heading, the image and
the navigation menu in a <header> element.
<header>
<h1>Curriculum Vitae</h1>
<p><img src="images\cv_picture.jpg" alt="Scott Johnson profile picture" width="100" height ="150"></p>
<nav>
<p><a href="#personal">Personal Information</a></p>
<p><a href="#education">Education</a></p>
<p><a href="#skills">Skills</a></p>
<p><a href="#portfolio">Portfolio</a></p>
</nav>
</header>
The <footer> element defines a footer at the bottom of the page or the section. A <footer>
typically contains information such as copyright, contact, sitemap, related documents and
similar items. Just like with the <header> element, we may have multiple <footer> elements
per page, each grouped into a different <section>.
Note: The <hgroup> element was a new HTML5 element used to combine multiple
heading levels such as a title and a subtitle. However, this element has been dropped
since it was "fraught with accessibility problems and lacked many compelling use
cases."