Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
7.2 PREVIOUS WORK
Extensive numerical investigations were reported in the literature highlight-
ing the structural performance of different types of steel-concrete composite
bridges subjected to different loadings. The numerical investigations pro-
posed finite element models for the composite bridges and the composite
bridge components. It should be noted that detailed state-of-the-art review
of these investigations is out of the scope of this topic. However, in this
section, the author provides recent examples showing how other
researchers modeled the steel-concrete composite bridges and the composite
box girder steel-concrete composite bridge. The study was proposed a
finite element model for the analysis of the bridges. Three different finite
element models were analyzed, which were a simply supported rectangular
plate uniformly compressed in one direction, a profiled sheeting subjected
to shear forces, and finite element model discussing the lateral torsional
stability of the bridge. The first analysis provided a simple model for which
analytic results were available for comparison with finite element modeling
results. It was shown that the finite element analysis provided results well
in accordance with the analytic results for the critical buckling load. The
analysis of the profiled sheeting in shear studied the attachment techniques
of the profiled sheeting. The analysis showed that a substantial reduction
of the stresses in the profiled sheeting was obtained with an all-around
attachment between the profiled sheeting and box girder, compared to a
two-sided attachment. In addition, the analysis showed that the large axial
forces that arose at the free edge of the profiled sheeting, when it was
attached along two sides, were considerably diminished when an all-around
attachment was used. Finally, the third model investigated the lateral
torsional stability of the bridge. The analysis studied the overall behavior
of the bridge and how it was influenced by initial imperfections and different
attachments of the profiled sheeting. The profiled sheeting created a closed
cross section, providing a structure that was more rigid than an open cross
section. It was concluded that, in order to obtain a closed cross section,
the profiled sheeting should be given an all-around attachment and also
be strong enough to withstand arisen stresses, mainly at the connections
between the profiled sheeting and the box girder. Otherwise, the cross
section of the bridge will behave like an open, thin-walled cross section.
Shell elements (S4R) available in ABAQUS [1.29] were used in most
of the analyses. The analyses comprised linear eigenvalue buckling analysis
and nonlinear load-displacement analyses.
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