BINARY I/O - Introduction to Java Programming: Comprehensive Version - page 684

new PrintWriter( new FileOutputStream( "temp.txt" , true ));

If temp.txt does not exist, it is created. If temp.txt already exists, new data are
appended to the file.

17.4.2 FilterInputStream / FilterOutputStream
Filter streams are streams that filter bytes for some purpose. The basic byte input stream
provides a read method that can be used only for reading bytes. If you want to read
integers, doubles, or strings, you need a filter class to wrap the byte input stream. Using a
filter class enables you to read integers, doubles, and strings instead of bytes and characters.
FilterInputStream and FilterOutputStream are the base classes for filtering
data. When you need to process primitive numeric types, use DataInputStream and
DataOutputStream to filter bytes.

17.4.3 DataInputStream / DataOutputStream
DataInputStream reads bytes from the stream and converts them into appropriate
primitive-type values or strings. DataOutputStream converts primitive-type values or
strings into bytes and outputs the bytes to the stream.
DataInputStream extends FilterInputStream and implements the DataInput
interface, as shown in Figure 17.9. DataOutputStream extends FilterOutputStream
and implements the DataOutput interface, as shown in Figure 17.10.

«interface»
java.io.DataInput

InputStream

+readBoolean(): boolean
+readByte(): byte
+readChar(): char
+readFloat(): float
+readDouble(): double
+readInt(): int
+readLong(): long
+readShort(): short
+readLine(): String
+readUTF(): String

Reads a Boolean from the input stream.
Reads a byte from the input stream.
Reads a character from the input stream.
Reads a float from the input stream.
Reads a double from the input stream.
Reads an int from the input stream.
Reads a long from the input stream.
Reads a short from the input stream.
Reads a line of characters from input.
Reads a string in UTF format.

FilterInputStream

DataInputStream
+DataInputStream(
in: InputStream)

F IGURE 17.9

DataInputStream filters an input stream of bytes into primitive data-type values and strings.

DataInputStream implements the methods defined in the DataInput interface to read
primitive data-type values and strings. DataOutputStream implements the methods defined
in the DataOutput interface to write primitive data-type values and strings. Primitive values
are copied from memory to the output without any conversions. Characters in a string may be
written in several ways, as discussed in the next section.
Characters and Strings in Binary I/O
A Unicode character consists of two bytes. The writeChar(char c) method writes the
Unicode of character c to the output. The writeChars(String s) method writes the Uni-
code for each character in the string s to the output. The writeBytes(String s) method
writes the lower byte of the Unicode for each character in the string s to the output. The high
byte of the Unicode is discarded. The writeBytes method is suitable for strings that consist