Fuel System and Fuel Measurement - Decreasing Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Gas Emissions in Transportation - page 59

Coriolis force magnetic induction ultrasound

swirl pressure thermal dynamic pressure

impeller

Fig. 4.1 Measurement technologies in fluid flow

4.1 Fuel System in Vehicles

The fuel tank is the central element of the supply system. It is made of surface
treated steel or plastics according to the space requirements in vehicles, airplanes,
and ships [ 4 ].
In road vehicles, the fuel system consists of a filter, a small reserve tank as a
fuel reservoir for use when the vehicle is not level on a curve, an electric diving
pump, a fuel level, a pressure, and in special cases a flow sensor as well as
electrical and hydraulic connections; see Fig. 4.2 .
The fuel is pumped from the fuel tank into a pressure regulator, which keeps the
pressure of the fuel constant, and forced through a fuel filter, a mass control valve,
which controls the mass flow independent from the fuel level in the tank and at the
end of the supply chain to the CR system with a regulator and control sensor.
When electronic fuel injection was first introduced, the electric fuel pump was
always outside the tank. In new vehicles it is more common to have the fuel pump
installed within the tank. Fuel pumps must supply the engine with sufficient fuel
under all operating conditions with the pressure necessary for injection. The
essential requirements of pumps are: