Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
110
100
90
need of mineral oil
production of mineral oil
80
70
60
50
40
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
year
Fig. 16.1
Discrepancy between oil production and new discoveries
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Fig. 16.2
Price of petrol in 2010
very similar. The example of Germany shows the typical changes in the price of
fuel in the last decades (see Fig.
16.3
).
An acceptable petrol reduction can be achieved by using pure biogenic fuels of
the first generation, such as alcohols and FAME, but at a substantially higher cost
level than consuming conventional fuels (see Fig.
16.4
)[
4
].
Second-generation biogenic fuels promise to be cheaper but the technology is still
under development and only a few countries such as Brazil use them. The amount of
fuel that can be produced is limited by the amount of crops that can be grown.
Biogenic fuels can be produced at lower prices in the future. In the long term,
the most economic solution is the production of BTL, but it requires new inno-
vations and a high level of research. On the other side, excessive use of biogenic
fuels could endanger the world's agricultural areas because of the increasing use of
pesticides and artificial fertilizers on industrial produced monocultures.
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