Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 9.2 Comparative data of spark and self ignition engines
Injection system
SFC
a
g (kWh)
-1
(oz BTU
-1
)
Nominal number
of revolutions
(rpm)
Compression
ratio
(-)
Spark ignition engines
Passenger car engines with
turbocharger
5,000-7,000
7-9
380-250
((4.000-2.632) 9 10
-3
)
HDV engines
2,500-5,000
7-9
380-270
((4.000-2.842) 9 10
-3
)
Self-ignition engines
Cars with DI engine,
turbocharger, and CAC
b
3,600-4,400
16-20
210-195
((2.211-2.053) 9 10
-3
)
HDV with DI engine,
turbocharger, and CAC
1,800-2,600
16-18
225-190
((2.369-2.000) 9 10
-3
)
Construction machinery and
farm tractors engines
1,000-3,600 16-20 280-190
((2.948-2.000) 9 10
-3
)
Locomotive engines 750-1,000 12-15 210-200
((2.211-2.105) 9 10
-3
)
Ship engines (four-stroke) 400-1,500 13-17 210-190
((2.211-
2.000) 9 10
-3
)
Ship engines (two-stroke) 50-250 6-8 180-160
((1.894-1.684) 9 10
-3
)
a
SFC measured by the intake air temperature of 298 K, charging air temperature of 298 K,
heating
kWh kg
-1
42,707 9 10
3
kJ kg
-1
(18,357 9 10
3
value
of fuel
of
11,863
,
i.e.,
BTU lb
-1
) at normal conditions according to ISO 8 217:2010 and ISO 8 216-1:2010
b
Charging air cooling
c
Cars
d
Direct injection
e
Heavy duty vehicles
• Full hybrid engine vehicles (FHEV); and
• Battery driven electric motor vehicles (BEV).
.
9.2 Operation of Spark and Self Ignition Engines
Most vehicles are designed with a spark or a self-ignition engine. Diesel power is
increasing for passenger as well as freight transportation. The main properties of
spark ignition engine types are presented in Table
9.2
[
7
].
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