Emissions - Decreasing Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Gas Emissions in Transportation - page 89

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

concentration
CO [ppm]

1 500
750

0

90 000
45 000

concentration
CO [ppm]
2

0

1 500
7500

concentration
NO [ppm]

0

2 4 6 8 20

time [min]

1. 3. 7. low rpm
4. middle rpm

5. high level rpm
4. 6. very high level rpm

Fig. 5.6 Tendencies of the exhaust gas concentrations of a supply ship while idling in harbor

CO 2 emissions from ships can help determine emission trading fees and pollutant
emissions can be used to calculate harbor fees, both on the basis of real emission
data.

5.6 Summary and Recommendations: Emissions
from Transportation

Certified large analyzers, such as Chemo Luminescent Detectors (CLD) are used at
the engine test bench for the determination of the concentrations of nitrogen
monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. The concentration of unburned HCs is determined
using FID devices. Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide concentrations are
determined through gas absorption with FTIR spectrometer. Particle and soot
emissions are measured by optical, photo acoustic, or filtering devices. This
equipment is usually used in laboratories. Because of their sensitivity to vibration
and their high energy demands, these devices can be applied only for short periods
for mobile operations in the field.
Laser technology opens up several possibilities for remotely sensing exhaust
gas emissions in transportation. The outputs of vehicles can be measured by highly