Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
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150
100
50
0
-50
-100
A1 Clean soil
A2 Clean groundwater
A3 Prevention of contamination of groundwater
A4 Loss of soil
A5 Loss of groundwater
A6 Use of energy
A7 Air emissions
A8 Surface water emissions
A9 Final waste
A10 Area occupied
Fig. 20.12 An example comparison of the environmental merits, both positive and negative
aspects for the four remediation alternatives (IBC
=
hydrological containment; KFS
=
buffer zone
alternative; MF
=
complete removal alternative)
The REC method was used to quantitatively compare the environmental effec-
tiveness of the four remediation alternatives. The environmental merit index encom-
passes positive aspects (such as clean soil and groundwater) and negative aspects
(such as energy consumption, use of clean water and space, contamination of other
environmental compartments). The environmental merit is based on the principle
that the negative impact on the environment has to be as limited as possible and
that the supplies of raw materials have to be preserved for future generations to the
greatest possible extent. Figures 20.12 and 20.13 show the environmental merit for
the four remediation options. Figure 20.14 compares environmental merit with the
costs of the four remediation alternatives.
Environmental merit was highest for the buffer zone alternative and the complete
removal alternative, with the buffer zone alternative showing a slightly more positive
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120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
Fig. 20.13 Comparison of the total environmental merit of the remediation alternatives (IBC
=
hydrological containment; KFS
=
buffer zone alternative; MF
=
complete removal alternative)
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