Exposure Through Soil and Dust Ingestion - Dealing with Contaminated Sites: From Theory Towards Practical Application - page 273

Table 6.3 Overview of the relevant tracer studies on soil ingestion rates by adults

Mean
ingestion
rate (mg/d)
( ∗ )

Median
ingestion
rate (mg/d)
( ∗ )

Number of
adults

Age
(years) Reference Data used Area Season/climate Duration Method

Calabrese
et al.
( 1990 )

Calabrese
et al.
( 1989 )

6 25-41 39 30 Greater Amherst,

MA

Cold winters,
moderate
summers

3 weeks Administration of

known amounts of
soil from 0 to
500 mg/d; collection
of duplicate meal
samples

Stanek et al.
( 1997 )

10 44-49 18 4 weeks Administration of

known amounts of
soil from 0 to
500 mg/d

Davis and
Mirick
( 2006 )

Subset of
Davis
et al.
( 1990 )

Mothers
and
fathers of
19
families

23-92 0.2-23 Three-city area in

south-eastern
Washington
State

Primarily
summer/desert
climate: cold in
winter, very hot
in summer and
very low
precipitation
year-round

11 days Collection of

food/liquid, excreta,
and soil/dust samples,
mass balance
approach

∗ To calculate mean and median values, only those data that met the criteria specified by Van Holderbeke et al. ( 2008 ) were used, e.g., no values on Ti are
included and all data were corrected for background whenever background values are provided in the original paper