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environment for modeling and developing IoT applications is available as open source
software as part of the OpenIoT open source project (available at:
https://github.com/
OpenIotOrg/openiot
)
. This provides the IoT open source community with imminent
opportunities for using and extending the presented approach.
The rest of the paper is structured as follows: In Sect.
2
we position our work against
related efforts. As part of this positioning we illustrate the limitations of existing
environments and tools, and accordingly illustrate the novelty of our approach. Section
3
discussed the middleware architecture and platform that underpins the operations of our
IoT visual development paradigm. Speci
cally, we introduce the use of W3C SSN for
modeling sensors, as well as the use of SPARQL language as a means of de
ning IoT
services. Section
4
presents the tools that enable visual de
nition/construction of IoT
applications and services, while also discussing a range of visual (mashup-based) tools
for the presentation of the results of IoT services. Finally, Sect.
5
concludes the paper
and summarizes its main contributions.
2 Related Work
Several middleware platforms for RFID and WSN applications come with companion
development and/or deployment tools. In the area of RFID applications the Fosstrak
(Floerkemeier et al.
2007
) project provides tools for browsing/managing RFID data
residing within EPC-IS repositories, as well as tools for editing business rules trans-
forming raw tag streams to business semantics. Similarly, the AspireRFID project
(
http://wiki.aspire.ow2.org
) has provided a wide range of tools for building EPC-IS
compliant RFID applications over the Fosstrak middleware platform. These include
visual tools for editing/managing
lters, as well as tools for managing data over EPC-
IS repositories. Furthermore, AspireRFID has de
ned a process language for RFID
applications (Kefalakis
2011
) (i.e. the APDL (Aspire business Process Description
Language), which enables the de
nition and con
guration of complete RFID solutions.
APDL is a Domain Speci
c Language (DSL), which is amenable by a customized
workflow management tool. The latter tool enables the visual de
guration
and enactment of complete RFID solutions. Beyond EPCGlobal compliant initiatives,
there have also been other efforts enabling visual development of RFID applications
such as Ri
nition, con
di (
www.ri
guration,
simulation and testing of RFID solutions. Note that Ri
di has been recently enhanced
towards supporting IoT applications, but it is still RFID focused. Furthermore, in
(Anagnostopoulos
2009
) the authors have de
ltering
and generation of events from RFID tag streams. While all these solutions facilitate the
development of RFID applications, they are not sufcient when it comes to dealing
with broader IoT applications comprising sensor networks, actuators, as well as virtual
sensors and data streams. Moreover, most the above works are focused on parts of
RFID solution development (e.g., RFID data collection and
ned a simple DSL for collection,
ltering, data management,
device management) and do not support holistic integrated development of RFID
applications.
In addition to RFID development tools, there have also been tools facilitating the
development of RFID applications. A prominent example is the GSN (Global Sensor
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