General Provisions - Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation and Control Systems for Safety and Security - page 25

designed on the same platform are operated in
radiation monitoring systems of Zaporozhe NPP.
WULKAN-M - a new equipment family,
manufactured by corporation “Westron” for sub-
complexes of data acquisition and processing.
In contrast to the analogue (DPU), equipment
family WULKAN-M allows assembling soft-
ware-hardware complexes not only for normal
operation systems, but also for safety systems.
WULKAN-M-based SHCs can receive process
and output analog and discrete signals and / or digi-
tal messages. Redundancy of the main functions,
including the use of hardware and/or software
diversity in redundant channels, is possible. During
assembling of WULKAN-M-based SHC, built-in
electronic modules, industrial computers, power
sources, fan units, designed and manufactured by
SHC supplier, and purchased component parts
(processor circuit board and peripheral equipment
of industrial computers, communication adapters,
controllers of peripheral devices, local network
equipment, etc.) are used. For placing, electrical
interconnection and connection to external circuits
of built-in component parts, typical supporting
structures - crates and on-floor cabinets are used.
Each SHC is assembled and produced in accor-
dance with customized technical requirements,
which determine safety class, performed func-
tions, number and type of input / output signals,
necessity of redundancy, etc.
On thebasisofequipment familyWULKAN-М,
SHCs for I&C systems of feed water level regu-
lation in steam generators, which were put into
operation in South-Ukrainian NPP units 1, 2 and
3, setting in operation emergency diesel genera-
tors, etc. are were developed. Development of
equipment family WULKAN-M allowed using
it as a platform for lower level hierarchical I&C
systems, in which upper level can be implemented
on the basis of other equipment families. Such
an approach was accepted, for example, during
modernization of computer information system
of South-Ukrainian NPP unit 3, in which sub-
complexes of data acquisition and processing were

assembled on the platform WULKAN-M, and an
upper level was implemented by Westinghouse
Electric Company on the basis of equipment
family OVATION.
Among other equipment families, developed
and applied in Ukraine and include in systems
important to safety, control computer complexes
MSKU (final versions allow assembling, includ-
ing fault tolerant of safety class 2) and complex
of workstations PS 51ХХ, on the basis of which
an upper level of hierarchical systems, including
automated workplaces of operating personnel, are
implemented, can be also named.

Solutions and Recommendations

There are common tendencies in development of
I&C systems in all countries - NPP's operators.
But a lot of these countries have own technical
decisions in NPP I&C creation. Ukraine belongs
to these countries: Ukraine imported I&C sys-
tems as far back as 10-15 years ago. After that
full modernization of Ukrainian NPP I&C took
place and Ukraine became to export NPP I&C
systems and appropriated equipment to NPP in
different parts of the world: not only to Europe,
but to America and Africa.
Therefore authors can recommend this topic
to readers for acquaintance with Ukrainian expe-
rience in NPP I&C elaboration: this experience
will be described in chapters 2-13.

FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS

Let us mention some areas of activities from their
range required for further development of NPP
I&C systems.

1. Application of complex electronic compo-
nents, using Hardware Description Language
(HDL). They include Application Specific
Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Complex
Programmable Logic Devices (CPLD) and