Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Box 1.
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
High
))
=
3
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
H Crt S
,
(
)
=
H P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
=
H P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
=
H
)
+
3
1
2
1
2
+
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
H Crt S
,
(
)
=
M P Crt
)
∗
(
(
S
)
=
H P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
=
M
)
+
3
1
2
1
2
+
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
H Crt S
,
(
)
= ∗
Crt S
L P
)
(
(
)
=
H P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
= +
L
)
3
1
2
1
2
+
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
M Crt S
,
(
)
=
H
)
∗
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
M P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
=
H
)
+
3
1
2
1
2
(16)
+
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
M Crt S
,
(
2
=
)
M P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
=
M P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
=
M
)
+
3
1
1
2
+
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
M Crt
,
(
S
)
= ∗
L P Crt S
)
(
(
)
=
M P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
= +
L
)
3
1
2
1
2
+
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
L C
,
rt S
(
)
=
H P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
= ∗
L P Crt S
)
(
(
)
=
H
)
+
3
1
2
1
2
+
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
L Crt S
,
(
)
=
M P Crt S
)
∗
(
(
)
= ∗
L P Crt S
)
(
(
)
=
M
)
+
3
1
2
1
2
+
P Crt S
(
(
)
=
H Crt S
/
(
)
=
L Crt S
,
(
)
= ∗
L P Crt S
)
(
(
)
= ∗
L P Crt S
)
(
(
)
=
L
).
3
1
2
1
2
HPP Accident Case Study Based on
Dynamical Criticality CWW Analysis
Therefore,
app
1
(
⋅
chooses
S
l
*
(
app C
(
)
=
S
*
)
1
j
l
*
≤ ∀ ∈
This linguistic process is applied to the above
fuzzy sets, with P
1
=0.2, P
2
=0.6, P
3
=0.2. Accord-
ing to these values, parameter
“b
i
”
is the most
representative of the membership function and
“a
i
”
and
“c
i
”
are equally representative.
The Figure 14 illustrates the geometrical inter-
pretation of linguistic approximation, where the
obtained fuzzy set (depicted as dashed line) and
the closest fuzzy set (depicted in black).
such that,
d S C
(
,
)
d S C
(
,
)
S
S
.
l
j
l
j
l
To demonstrate the approach to the power grid
safety analysis, using the dynamical criticality
CWW analysis, Russian Sayano-Shushenskaya
HPP failure (August, 2009) is considered. This
HPP is one of the largest (together with Bratskaya
HPP) used for power control of the whole power
system with installed capacity - 6,4 mm kW,
annual output - 22,8 bln kW p.h. Ten hydraulic
units, each of 640 kW, are installed in the plant.
The BBN built for fragment of Siberian power
systems. BBN's nodes are criticalities matrixes
Figure 13. A set of terms with its semantic
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