Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The visual comparison of shape allows one to
quickly establish conformity of the instantaneous
condition of an object to the expected condition
and to determine the presence of a deviation from
the norm. In this case the identification of “abnor-
mal location” or, in other words, determination of
the fact that there has occurred a deviation from
normal, it is accomplished along the vector which
caused distortion of the shape of the polygon of
instantaneous values of parameters.
The polarographic representation of criti-
cal parameters of safety offers the possibility
of acquiring additional practical experience in
evaluating the instantaneous state of an object
or likelihood of damage to protective barriers,
because the making of decisions and evaluation
of situations by the operator will be improved due
to the recognizable nature of the polar diagrams
and lighting up of only difference of parameters.
In order to evaluate safety in accordance with
requirements of USNRC, 1981 five critical safety
functions have been distinguished:
output signals and calculated parameters on video
frames and in the form of trends.
Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1982
produced a family of equipment WDPF (West-
inghouse Distributed Process Family), which is
based on fully distributed architecture and data
main bus with deterministic protocol. In 1990
Westinghouse developed the WDPF-II family with
improved main data bus Westnet II and expanded
set of peripheral equipment, supplied by leading
world companies.
WDPF-II is a structured set of devices, which
is oriented to use as the equipment base in con-
figuration of SHC for information and control
systems in different sectors of industry.
LLC “Westron” conducted acceptance inspec-
tion of the received equipment, configuration of the
SHC for specific customers, testing, acceptance,
production of technical documentation, and startup
and troubleshooting work. This allowed them to
assure adaptation of the SPDS to requirements
of regulatory documents in effect in Ukraine (in
number of cases, requirements differ from require-
ments of national standards of the United States,
to which the WDPF-II developers were oriented).
The concept of SHC creation called for trans-
formation of serial (hardware and software devices
of WDPF-II) and commercial articles of leading
world electronic manufacturing companies to unit
articles (SHC with software, service equipment
and operating documentation).
1. Reactivity control;
2. Reactor core cooling and heat removal from
primary system;
3. Reactor coolant system integrity;
4. Radioactivity control;
5. Containment integrity.
SPDS DESCRIPTION
Hardware Components
STRUCTURE
The central part of SPDS is the software-hardware
complex (SHC), which was configured by LLC
“Westron” based on equipment of Westinghouse
Electric Corporation (United States) (Kolesov,
2000).
The SHC accomplishes the collection of data
that form the basis for calculation of different
physical quantities, monitoring, signaling, record-
ing and subsequent display of all assigned input/
The principles of constructing the SPDS for
nuclear power plant units of Ukraine are set forth
in the example of the SPDS of Zaporozhe NPP
unit 5 (Figure 2).
As input information, the SPDS uses signals
of existing standard sensors, new sensors, which
are installed according to the SPDS design, and
existing I&C systems in the generating unit (com-
puter information system - CIS, in-core reactor
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