Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Indication elements and panel computer
monitor, built in the monitoring and control board,
provide the following information: the number of
a controlled group CR; coordinates of CR selected
for individual control; direction of transfer; posi-
tion of CR by height and other information on
operator's request.
Inbuilt diagnostics facilities perform:
tion of individual I&C systems can realized only
in frame of this structure. The same is related to
equipment of main and emergency control rooms.
Overall instrumentation and control system
can be considerably changed only in connection
with building of new power units (for Ukraine
- Khmelnitsky NPP units 3 and 4). Design of
overall instrumentation and control system for
new units can based on other principles, used of
all advantages of modern information technology,
local nets, new element base, etc. Some recom-
mendation for design of overall instrumentation
and control system for new units: save division
on such components as individual instrumentation
and control systems; expand types of functions
(fire signalization, fire fighting, post accident
monitoring, etc); improve connections between
components; unify technical decisions, including
platforms.
• Continuous automatic monitoring of the
technical state of all components of SHC
RG&IC, adjacent peripheral equipment
and communication lines of signals and
messages.
• Processing of received information, ar-
chiving, display (continuous and on an
operator's request) of current and archival
information, output of diagnostic messages
to CIS and IRMS.
• Audible warning in case of detection of op-
erability failures, output of proper warning
messages on a video monitor screen, gen-
eration and output of generalized signals of
unavailability to CIS, IRMS and a board to
MCR.
• Detail description of rod group and indi-
vidual control system is given in Chapter
10.
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
The Fukushima-1 accident brought attention to
the need for further improvement of I&C func-
tional safety - ability of correct performance of all
functions important to safety and corresponding
required characteristics in all design modes an
operating conditions, operational events, design
basis accidents and beyond design basis accidents.
For this purpose, NPP safety reassessments, in-
cluding functional safety of I&C systems and their
components, is underway now (Yastrebenetsky,
Rozen, Gromov, et al 2011; Yastrebenetsky, Rozen,
Klevtsov, et al, 2012).
Solutions and Recommendations
Overall instrumentation and control system de-
scribed in this chapter is the result of moderniza-
tion of individual I&C systems. These systems
were implemented at Ukrainian NPPs according
type design for WWER-1000 units, what were
elaborated in USSR in 70-th.
Computer technique in this time was on ini-
tial stage of implementation at NPPs because
low reliability, absence of personnel who can
operate with new technique. Common structure
of overall instrumentation and control system is
characteristic for stage of automatic that preceded
of computers appearance. Step by step moderniza-
1. One of the most important directions is equip-
ment seismic qualification for extreme me-
chanical influences caused by earthquakes
(IEC, 1989). I&C seismic qualification has to
involve operating stand-alone parts of safety
systems and safety system support features,
e,g. diesel-generator control systems. It is
necessary to estimate influence of seismic
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