Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
2006; Samoilov, 1989; Ostreikovsky & Shviraev,
2008; Makhutov, 2009, etc. Description of reactor
structures and equipment, including automation
systems, is given in the encyclopedia Adamov,
2005. In more detail I&C systems of these reactors
are described in the topics Plutinsky & Pogorelov,
1983, and Yastrebenetsky, 2004.
Among English publications devoted to I&C
systems used for monitoring and control of these
reactor facilities of NPPs, Chapter 43 «I&C prin-
ciples for PWR plants in the Russian Federation»
in the IAEA, 1999 guidebook (author of this
chapter - V. Neboyan) should be mentioned first.
Figure 2 shows a simplified technological
scheme of a power unit with WWER-1000 re-
actor. The main technological equipment of a
power unit is nuclear reactor, main circulation
pumps (1…4), pressurizer, steam generators
(1…4), steam header, steam turbine, condenser,
regenerative heaters, deaerator, feedwater pumps,
electric generator.
Primary circuit
is formed by: nuclear reactor;
four circulation loops, each of which is formed
by a steam generator, main circulation pump and
piping; steam pressure compensator (pressurizer);
pressure relief tank, make-up blowdown systems,
boron regulation systems, steam generator emer-
gency power supply systems and other systems
and equipment (not shown in Figure 2), providing
normal operation and safety of nuclear facility.
WWER-1000 is a cylindrical vessel, consist-
ing of a shell and removable upper block with a
cover. Fuel is low-enriched uranium dioxide. As
the primary coolant circuit and neutron modera-
tor, demineralized water with a boron solution,
BRIEF INFORMATION ON POWER
UNITS WITH REACTORS WWER
Reactors WWER include Pressurized Water Re-
actors (PWR), being the most widespread type
of reactors in world atomic engineering (total
capacity of PWR exceeds half of the world one).
Figure 2. Simplified technological scheme of power unit with WWER-1000
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