Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
and its design process and possibility to
provide evidence of meeting licensing re-
quirements, such as independence, separa-
tion, redundancy and diversity, in an easier
and more convincing way.
of adaptation; diversity and multi-diversity
implementation; reconiguration and re-
covery in the case of component failures;
improved means of diagnostics.
•
FPGA reprogramming is possible only
with the use of especial equipment (it im-
proves a security); stability and survivabil-
ity of FPGA projects are ensured due to
the tolerance to external electromagnetic,
climatic, radiation inluences, etc.
•
Resilience to obsolescence due to the por-
tability of the HDL code between diferent
versions of FPGA chips produced by the
same or diferent manufacturers.
•
Possibility of reverse engineering results
implementation via emulation in FPGA
of obsolete central processing unit (CPU)
without modiication of existing software
code.
FPGA-BASED NPP I&CS
•
Speciic beneicial properties regarding cy-
ber security compared to microprocessors
(no viruses for FPGA).
This section provides information on FPGA-based
NPP I&Cs by the example of systems produced
by RPC Radiy.
RPC Radiy developed the RadICS FPGA-
based platform, which comprises a set of general-
purpose blocks that can be configured and used
to implement application-specific functions and
systems. The RadICS platform is composed of
various standardized modules, each based on the
use of FPGA chips as computational engines.
RadICS-based I&C systems provide extensive
on-line self-surveillance and diagnostics at various
levels, including self-diagnostic and defensive
coding of electronic design components, self-
monitoring of FPGA circuits, such as control of
FPGA power, watchdog timer, cyclical redundancy
check (CRC) calculation, state monitoring, and
monitoring the performance of FPGA support
circuits, I/O modules, communications units, and
power supplies.
The following FPGA features are important
for safety and dependability assurance:
• Development and veriication are simpli-
ied due to apparatus parallelism in control
algorithms implementation and execution
for diferent functions, absence of cyclical
structures in FPGA projects, identity of
FPGA project presentation to initial data,
advanced testbeds and tools, veriied li-
braries and IP-cores.
•
Existing technologies of FPGA projects
development (graphical scheme and li-
brary blocks in CAD environment; special
hardware describing languages VHDL,
Verilog, Java HDL, etc; microprocessor
emulators which are implemented as IP-
cores) allow increasing a number of pos-
sible options of diferent project versions
and multi-version I&Cs.
RadICS-Based Applications
I&C systems based on the FPGA-based platforms
produced by RPC Radiy include the most critical
and high-reliability applications in NPPs, such as
Reactor Trip, Reactor Power Control and Limita-
tion, Engineered Safety Features Actuation, and
Rod Control. Other examples include Nuclear
•
Fault-tolerance, data validation and main-
tainability are improved due to use of:
redundancy for intra- and inter-crystal
levels; possibilities of implementation of
multi-step degradation with diferent types
Search WWH ::
Custom Search