Biology Reference
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and manufacturing variations. Many other approaches have been adopted,
but until now (with the exception of scanning) they all depend either on
a starting design, some form of local optimization, or some random vari-
ation. Each method will usually give rise to different solutions. For gene
subsets using a large number of genes, these are still the only methods
possible. In contrast, the SDL optimization described here is a methodical
global method.
The proposed pyramidal hierarchy of the predictor for classification
can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio in mining the high-
dimensional microarray datasets. While research in cancer classification
with microarray expression data is the first to benefit from this method,
the mathematical procedures and SDL global optimization used in this
study are also applicable to a variety of other unsolved problems related
to linked multi-variable problems. The application of this technique
will undoubtedly have implications well beyond cancer classification
application.
It is still too early to predict what the ultimate impact of microarray
will be on our understanding of cancer, although the possibility of an
accurate diagnosis of cancers based on microarray expressions has
emerged. This innovative research truly brings to light one of the hardest
problems yet — the ability to accurately classify medical neoplasm. The
SDL method provides a precise diagnostic tool that can find the true
global optima with questions relating to gene malignancy. Furthermore,
genetic screening for diseases is playing an increasingly important role in
preventative medicine. If we can detect the presence of disease or predict
malignancy through microarray expression data with a desktop computer
before clinical diagnosis, a more efficient and clear-cut treatment plan
can be formulated, eliminating the possibility of clinician bias. More
importantly, an unbiased and digital data-based approach can be easily
applied to distinctions relating to future clinical outcome, such as drug
response or survival. In cancer research, fundamental mechanisms that cut
across distinct types of cancers could also be discovered through mining
microarray data by the SDL global strategies.
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