Renewable energy vs. wildlife conservation - Solar, Wind and Land: Conflicts in Renewable Energy Development - page 96

90 See American Wind Energy Association Siting Handbook, supra note 40
at § 5.1.2.1. Interestingly, roughly one half of all bats killed by wind farms in
the United States are hoary bats. Cryan, supra note 85 at 364.
91 See Irfan, supra note 36.
92 See generally Erin Baerwald, et al., Barotrauma Is a Significant Cause of Bat
Fatalities at Wind Turbines , 18 Current Biology 695 (2008), cited in Reimer
& Snodgrass, supra note 4 at 564.
93 See Justin Blum, Researchers Alarmed by Bat Deaths from Wind Turbines ,
Washington Post (Jan. 1, 2005), available at www.washingtonpost.com/
wp-dyn/articles/A39941-2004Dec31.html (last visited June 12, 2013).
94 See Cryan, supra note 85 at 358.
95 See id. at 359-60.
96 Many species of bats have only one offspring per year, and bats often live for
ten years or more . See id. at 360-61.
97 For a basic discussion of this idea, see Laura Roberts, Wind Turbines
Should be Painted Purple to Deter Bats, Scientists Claim , The Telegraph
(Oct. 15, 2010), available at www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/8066012/
Wind-turbines-should-be-painted-purple-to-deter-bats-scientists-claim.html
(last visited June 11, 2013).
98 See Slight Change in Wind Turbine Speed Significantly Reduces Bat
Mortality , Science News (Nov. 3, 2010), available at www.sciencedaily.com/
releases/2010/11/101101115619.htm (last visited June 12, 2013).
99 See id. To review the full study, see generally Edward B. Arnett, et al., Altering
Turbine Speed Reduces Bat Mortality at Wind-Energy Facilities , 9 Frontiers
in Ecology and the Environment 209 (2011).
100 See supra note 98.
101 675 F. Supp. 2d 540 (D. Md. 2009).
102 Id. at 542.
103 See id. at 548-49.
104 Id. at 581.
105 To download Beech Ridge Energy LLC's incidental take permit application,
visit www.fws.gov/westvirginiaieldoice/beech_ridge_wind_power.html (last
visited June 12, 2013).
106 See Beech Ridge Wind Energy Project Habitat Conservation Plan at 95,
available on the FWS website at www.fws.gov/westvirginiaieldoice/PDF/
beechridgehcp/Beech%20Ridge%20Draft%20HCP%20(May%202012).pdf
(last visited June 12, 2013).
107 For details about the desert tortoise and its ESA listing, visit the FWS website
at http://ecos.fws.gov/speciesProile/proile/speciesProile.action?spcode=C04L
(last visited June 13, 2013).
108 See Ken Wells, Tortoises Manhandled for Solar Splits Environmentalists ,
Bloomberg (Sept. 20, 2012), available at www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-
09-20/tortoises-manhandled-for-solar-splits-environmentalists.html (last

visited June 13, 2013).
109 See id.
110 See Bertsch, supra note 20 at 93 (noting that the Sierra Club and the Nature
Conservancy were supportive of the Ivanpah project despite its potential harms
to the threatened desert tortoise).
111 See Wells, supra note 107.
112 See id.
113 See id.
114 See Reimer & Snodgrass, supra note 4 at 573-74 (describing desert tortoise-
related issues for proposed solar energy projects in California's Broadwell Dry
Lake area and at the proposed Beacon Solar project).