Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
64
Diclofop-methyl
O
Residues on wheat & field
beans
1.135 kg ai/ha, 0-120 hr
Acetone extraction,
LC-MS
2
Hoegrass
®
37.8% EC
+ Agral
®
(1 mL/L), Toli
®
(7.5 mL/L), Bond
®
(1.4 mL/
L)
b)
Foliar dissipation, EC+Bond
≥ EC
∼
EC+Agral > EC+Toli
Holloway and
Western
(2003)
CH
3
CH
Cl
Cl
O
COOCH
3
5
Fenitrothion
Foliar residues of apple trees
90-23 g ai/ha, 0-29 d
CHCl
3
-CH
3
OH rinse &
extraction
Accothion
®
50% EC
Fentro-50
®
EC
% sub-surface residues,
Fentro-50 > Accothion
DT
50
= 0.3-1.4 d (Acc)
0.6-0.9 d (Fen)
Chang-Yen
et al. (1983)
S
CH
3
O
CH
3
O
P
O
NO
2
CH
3
Foliar residues of conifer trees
340 g ai/ha, 0-150 d
EtOAc wash & homog-
enates, GC
4 EC formulations with dif-
ferent diluents
Dislogeable, DT
50
=13-15 d
Sundaram
(1986)
Penetrated, DT
50
=16-24 d
65
Chlorpyrifos
Residues on orange fruits and
leaves 680-730 g ai/ha,
0-130 d
EtOAc/cyclohexane
extracts, GC
Clorpiran
®
40 EC
DT
50
EC
WG
Montemurro
et al. (2002)
Cl
S
Dursban
®
75 WG
Fruits: 24.6 d
42.8 d
C
2
H
5
O
P
O
Cl
Leaves: 6.6 d
6.7 d
C
2
H
5
O
N
Cl
Residues on cranberry
0.8 kg ai/ha, 0-28 d
CH
3
OH (leaf), hexane-
acetone extraction, GC
Foliar residues on corn
560 g ai/ha, 0-10 d
Pentane-CH
2
Cl
2
extrac
tion, GC
Lorsban
®
4E
± Bivert
®
sticker adjuvant
(25 v/v%)
Increased initial dislodgeable
foliar and fruit residues
with adjuvant
Putnam
et al. (2003)
Lorsban 4E (EC)
ai + once-refined soybean
oil
(Oil)
Initial deposits, oil > EC
Wauchope
et al. (1991)
DT
50
~ 1 d (EC, oil)
66
Phosmet
Foliar residues on alfalfa
Imidan
®
50 WP
DT
50
= 1.6-2.1 d (WP),
Miller et al.
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