Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Microbially Derived Off-Flavor from Geosmin
and 2-Methylisoborneol: Sources and
Remediation
Kishore Kumar Krishnani
1
, Pitchaiyappan Ravichandran
1
,
and Subbanna Ayyappan
2
I Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1
II Chemical Causes of Off-Flavor ...................................................................................... 2
III Geosmin- and MIB-Producing Species .......................................................................... 4
IV Biosynthesis of Geosmin ................................................................................................ 9
V Remediation of Off-Flavors ............................................................................................ 10
A Conventional Physical Methods ............................................................................... 10
B Chemical Methods.................................................................................................... 11
C Environmentally Safe Plant-Derived Algicides........................................................ 13
D Lignocellulosic Agrowastes: Inexpensive Biosorbents............................................ 14
E Bioremediation ......................................................................................................... 14
Summary ................................................................................................................................. 16
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................... 16
References ............................................................................................................................... 17
I Introduction
The occurrence of tastes and odors is a recurrent problem in the beverage, potable
water, food, and aquaculture industries. Taste-and-odor (T/O) occurrences have been
documented in a number of public water supply reservoirs (Silvey et al. 1950; Suffet
et al. 1996) in the United States (Rosen et al. 1970; Izaguirre et al. 1982; Seligman
et al. 1992; Burlingame et al. 1986, 1992; Young et al. 1999), Canada (Slater and
Blok 1983a, b), Japan (Yagi et al. 1981, 1983; Yagi 1988; Hosaka et al. 1995),
Australia (Hayes and Burch 1989; Baker 1992; Baker et al. 1994, 2001), The
Netherlands (Piet et al. 1972), Sweden (Lundgren et al. 1988), Germany (Mohren
and Jüttner 1983), Finland (Veijanen et al. 1988, 1992), France (Cotsaris et al. 1995),
India (Desikachary 1959; Arora and Gupta 1983; Krishnani et al. 2005, 2006a),
