Multi-dimensional Electrophoresis: The March in Pharma Applications - Nanoparticles' Promises and Risks - page 312

Table 15.1 (continued)
Drug Technique Reference

Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanoparticles,
salbutamol sulphate

Capillary electrophoresis Samuli Hirsj¨rvi, Faculty of

Pharmacy of the University of
Helsinki http://ethesis.helsinki.
fi

Carboxylated or aminated latex
particles(FluoSpheres ® )

2D PAGE DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2005.04.

015

Logic gate nanoparticle com-
posed of copolymer (poly-

Gel electrophoresis DOI: 10.1155/2012/291219

-
aminoester ketal-2) and PLGA
loaded with DNA

β

Zinc oxide nanoparticles SDS-PAGE Int. J. of Pharma and Bio Sci, 2

(4), 2011

Carbon nanoparticles Capillary electrophoresis DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200627

Gold nanoparticles native-PAGE DOI: 10.4172/2324-

8777.1000124

Silver Nanoparticles 2D-PAGE DOI: 10.1007/BF03217491

Polymeric micelles 2D DIGE DOI: 10.1002/pmic.

201100602 .

Uranium(U)-protein complexes 1-DE and 2-DE DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.

04.065

Table 15.1 lists the drug delivery systems studied for one or either reasons by
electrophoresis technique especially 1-DE, 2D-PAGE and other advanced

techniques.

15.3.2 Protein Purification

2-DE can be used to isolate contaminants during protein purification. Profiling
samples at each step in the process can assess the purity of the end product.
The Profiling of purified proteins, antibodies or samples during drug development
as part of product characterisation was used to detect batch-to-batch differences.
2-D electrophoresis enables confirmation of uniform charge states between multiple
batches.

15.3.3 Biomarker Discovery

Most of the research in medicine involves the search for biomarkers in which
certain proteins change in expression with either a large increase or decrease as a
result of disease [ 74 ].