Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
11.4.2 Accessibility Barriers to the Physically Disabled
Inaccessible vehicles
Inaccessible transit stations
Inconvenient access to transit routes
Excessive walking distance to or from a transit stop
Lack of real-time information about schedules and transfers
11.4.3 Accessibility Barriers to Auto Users
No parking available at destination
Auto-free zones
High cost of car use/ownership
11.5 Conclusions
This chapter has described the impacts of traf
c congestion on two types of
accessibility: activity accessibility and
spatial
accessibility.
Spatial Accessibility
is clearly dependent on door-to-door travel speed
—
the faster
one travels the greater the area covered. Therefore increasing traf
c congestion
reduces spatial accessibility for all vehicle users. However, traf
c congestion tends to
have a greater impact on private vehicle users than for public transit users.
Activity Accessibility
is a measure resulting from a combination of spatial
accessibility and the number of desired destination opportunities within the
accessible area. In this case the impact of traf
c congestion on activity access
cannot be determined by focusing on travel speed alone
without considering the
density (and number) of activities located within the accessible area.
—
References
1. Hanson S, Giuliano G (2004) The geography of urban transportation, 3rd edn. The Guildorf
Press, New York
2. Litman T (2014) Victoria Transportation Institute, personal correspondence, s.l. Accessed 25
Nov 2014
3. Wilbur Smith and Associates (1961) Future highways and urban growth. Accessed Feb 1961
4. New York Metropolitan Transportation Council (2000) Council contact
—
household interview
survey. New York Metropolitan Transportation Council, New York
5. Martin WA, McGuckin NA (1998) Travel estimation techniques for urban planning. National
Cooperative Highway Research Program
—
Report 365
