Bio-inspired, Flexible Structures and Materials - Biotechnologies and Biomimetics for Civil Engineering - page 274

10000

CFRP-HAT

CFRP-IM

CFRP-HM

FRP

1000 Spring Steel

S690

S480

Aluminum
Titanium

S355

METAL GFRP-PE23

S245

Bamboo

GFRP-FM/FMU

GFRP-MW

NFRP

100

GFRP-M

Bongossi

Plywood

Afzelia

Yellow Cedar

Beech
Oak
Pine

Western Hemlock

Douglas

GL24h

TIMBER

Spruce

10

1

1 10 100 1000

Flexural Youngs Modulus E [GPa]

Fig. 12.1 Common building materials with ratio of strength r M,Rk (MPa) to stiffness E (GPa).
Adapted from Lienhard et al. (Lienhard et al. 2013a , b )

12.2.2 The Potential of Using Elastic Materials
for Compliant Mechanisms

The reason why elastic materials are growing ever more popular, in particular for
use in compliant mechanisms, is due to the various benefits that this construction
principle possesses over conventional mechanics: By gaining motion through the