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Fig. 10.11
The concept of deployable scissor arch prototype (Alegria Mira et al.
2014
)
Today, deployable structure played a variety of roles in both military and relief
operations from emergency to reconstruction. Prototype lightweight forms are
studied such as deployable bridge (Ario et al.
2013
) and deployable shelter
(Alegria Mira et al.
2014
), see Fig.
10.11
.
Tensegrity structure is spatial structures composed of tensile and compression
components in a self-equilibrated state of prestressing. Such concept recently has
already been used in bridge design, see Fig.
10.12
.
According to Vincent's biomimetic map, these cases discussed above represent
the mechanical level of inspiration. In particular, those footbridges provide a more
adaptable way than regular footbridge to span a river through combining tech-
nologies of machinery and automation.
The development of intelligent and smart bridges is another encouraging goal
for the design of active bridges in the near future. The transfer from a ''passive'' to
an ''active'' bridge through learning from the biological world is a great break-
through for future smart and intelligent structures. Primary driving factors of the
information technology age (such as nanotechnology, microelectronics, and bio-
technology)
will
support
the development of
intelligent
bridge
systems
and
materials (Chong
2004
).
The Innenhafen Bridge in Fig.
10.13
shows a remarkable design case where the
traditional suspension form is embedded with an intelligent system. It is an
adaptive form subjected to different environmental and traffic service conditions.
Schlaich
(
2004
)
defined
the
level
of
intelligence
in
a
structural
system
by
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