Closed-Loop Algorithms - Scalable Continuous Media Streaming Systems - page 306

example, Liao and Li [5], Hua et al . [8], and Cai et al . [9] have investigated integrating batching
with patching to avoid the long start-up delay due to batching. Gao and Towsley [30] proposed
a controlled multicast technique that integrated patching with dynamically scheduled multicast
streaming. This is further refined by Gao et al . [31] in their catching and selective catching
schemes. In another study, Ramesh et al. [32] proposed the multicast with cache ( Mcache )
approach that integrated batching, patching, and prefix caching. They proposed placing re-
gional cache servers close to the users to serve the initial portion (prefix) of the videos. In this
way, a client can start video playback immediately by receiving prefix data streamed from a
regional cache server. The server will then dynamically schedule a patching channel for the
client to continue the patching process beyond the prefix, and also identify an existing multicast
channel for the client to cache and eventually merge into. This architecture has been shown to
outperform prefix-cached versions of dynamic skyscraper, GDB, and selective catching. We
refer interested readers to the literature for more details of these advanced closed-loop and
hybrid algorithms.
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