Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
ecologists as the necessary next step in the analysis
of fish/habitat relationships, its application remained
difficult due to the lack of appropriate technology to
characterise fluvial habitats at the appropriate scale and
resolution. One of the main contributions of the Geosalar
project was to participate in the development of new
remote sensing methods that are nowmaking the concept
of riverscape 'real' (Carbonneau et al., 2012). Image
analysis methods are indeed now available to produce
spatially continuous high-resolution maps of important
fluvial habitat variables, such as bed material size and
water depth. These methods are currently applied on
hyperspatial images but the constant improvement of
the resolution of satellite sensors suggest that they may
soon be applied to satellite imagery. Now that significant
improvements were made to the quantification of fluvial
environments over long river segments, it appears that
the new necessary next step is to provide equally detailed
biological data describing the exploitation by fish of the
mosaic of habitats comprised within the riverscape.
des salmonides dans un tributaire de la rivi ere Ste-Marguerite
(Saguenay, Quebec). INRS-Eau, Terre et Environnement.
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from the statistical properties of digital images of sediment.
Sedimentology , 56 (2), 421-438.
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versal approximation of grain size from images of noncohe-
sive sediment. Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface ,
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Carbonneau, P.E., Bergeron, N., and Lane, S.N. 2005a. Auto-
mated grain size measurements from airborne remote sensing
for long profile measurements of fluvial grain sizes. Water
Resources Research , 41 (11). DOI:10.1029/2005WR003994.
Carbonneau, P.E., Bergeron, N.E., and Lane, S.N. 2005b.
Texture-based image segmentation applied to the quantifi-
cation of superficial sand in salmonid river gravels. Earth
Surface Processes and Landforms , 30 (1), 121-127.
Carbonneau, P.E., Dugdale, S.J., and Clough, S. 2010. An
Automated Georeferencing Tool for Watershed Scale Flu-
vial Remote Sensing. River Research and Applications , 26 (5),
650-658.
Carbonneau, P.E., Fonstad, M.A., Marcus, W.A., and Dugdale,
S.J. 2012. Making riverscapes real. Geomorphology , 137 (1),
74-86. DOI:10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.09.030.
Carbonneau, P.E., Lane, S.N., and Bergeron, N. 2006. Fea-
ture based image processing methods applied to bathymetric
measurements from airborne remote sensing in fluvial envi-
ronments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms , 31 (11),
1413-1423.
Carbonneau, P.E., Lane, S.N., and Bergeron, N.E. 2003. Cost-
effective non-metric close-range digital photogrammetry and
its application to a study of coarse gravel river beds. Interna-
tional Journal of Remote Sensing , 24 (14), 2837-2854.
Carbonneau, P.E., Lane, S.N., and Bergeron, N.E. 2004.
Catchment-scale mapping of surface grain size in gravel
bed rivers using airborne digital imagery. Water Resources
Research , 40 (7). DOI:10.1029/2003WR002759.
Chapman, D.W., Weitkamp, D.E., Welsh, T.L., Dell, M.B., and
Schadt, T.H. 1986. Effects of River Flow on the Distribution of
Chinook Salmon Redds. Transactions of the American Fisheries
Society , 115 (4), 537-547.
Cunjak, R.A., Prowse, T.D., and Parrish, D.L. 1998. Atlantic
salmon (Salmo salar) in winter: ''the season of parr discon-
tent''? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 55 ,
161-180.
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spatial organizationof Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) spawning
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank the researchers who par-
ticipated in all components of the Geosalar project.
A special thank to Julian Dodson, PI of the project.
The project was funded by the GEOIDE Network Cen-
tres of Excellence Program(http://www.geoide.ulaval.ca/)
with contributions from our partners : Hydro-Quebec,
Genivar,Ministere des Resources Naturelles et de la Faune
duQuebec, Aquasalmo inc., ZECSainte-Marguerite, Fon-
dation pour le Saumon du Grand Gaspe. Special thanks
also to Keith Thompson and Nicholas Chrisman who
were, in turn, directors of GEOIDE. The comments and
suggestions of Steve Rice and Herve Piegay on an earlier
version of this chapter are gratefully acknowledged.
References
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