Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1 Evidence on interaction between climate policies
Scenarios
Impact
Study
Country
CO
2
target
RES-E
target
Instrument
CO
2
price
€
/
tCO
2
Retail power prices (%
change with reference to
no policies * or to carbon
price only**)
Policy costs
G
tz et al.
[
15
]
ö
Germany
21%
TEP
19.10
FIT additional costs rise strongly until 2020
up to 15 billion
-
-
per year and then drop
substantially until 2030 as renewables
become competitive. Even though the FIT
system has the dampening effect on ETS
certicate prices, the additional cost burden
of this support scheme leaves to a rise in
energy system costs in Germany with a
cumulated difference for the time period of
2015
€
21%
No
explicit
target
TEP +FIT
14
6.3 %**
2030 of 7.3 billion
€
per year
-
Abrell and
Weigt [
1
]
Germany
20 %
TEP
3.43
2.16 %*
Renewable policies lead to a higher welfare
loss than the pure reduction scenario
(
-
20 %
20 %
TEP +
TGCs
0
1.11 %*
0.019 %) since electricity producers devi-
ate from their cost minimizing generation
portfolio. This effect is only slightly more
negative for the case of differentiated feed in
tariffs (
−
20 %
20 %
TEP+FIT
0
1.12 %*
−
0.0194 %)
B
ö
hringer
and Rosen-
dah [
l5
]
Germany
25%
TEP
20
12 %*
The compliance cost of reaching an emission
target increases with the stringency of the
emission target, but also with the green
quota. That is, there is signicant excess cost
of introducing a binding green quota on the
top of the emission constraint if the only goal
is to reduce emissions of CO
2
.
-
25 %
23 %
TEP
+TGCs
8
4 %*
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