Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 3.19 Scheme of the formation of the ethylene molecule according to Pauling
surface of nuclei of a polyatomic molecule. In other words, in this case the molecule
represents a system with several states such that the transitions between them
(isomerization) may become possible under the influence of physical factors. In
the literature such states are usually called conformers. A good example is the
molecule of cyclohexane (Fig.
3.21
). Its lowest energy state is called “armchair.” It
is situated lower than another conformation called “bathtub,” at ~22 kJ/mol.
Transitions “chair”-“bath” are made through the intermediate conformations of
the type “elbow.” In general, the transition from one conformation to another is
