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independent set of observations when compared to the reanalyses since it was also
assimilated in both the NCEP-NCAR and the ERA reanalyses. However, one of the
goals was to verify the consistency of this dataset with the reanalyses and to
compare the trends and anomalies against the improved calibration of this dataset.
The result affirms similar trends and anomalies. However, more work is required to
refine the trend amplitudes between the three datasets.
Acknowledgements The NCEP/NCAR monthly reanalysis data were obtained from NOAA/
CDC Web site. The ERA-40 reanalysis data were obtained from the ECMWF Web site and the
solar sunspot number from the NOAA/NGDC Web site. The authors would like to thank these
agencies for providing the data. Special thanks to Dr. C. Zou from NOAA/NESDIS/STAR for
many excellent discussions and the MSU temperature datasets that were provided.
This work was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service (NESDIS), and Center for Satel-
lite Applications and Research (STAR). The views, opinions, and findings contained in this
publication are those of the authors and should not be considered an official NOAA or US
Government position, policy, or decision.
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