Metadata and the Semantic Web - Web Standards: Mastering HTML5, CSS3, and XML - page 260

Shorthand notation can be used for the following common predicates:

•

a (stands for < http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type > )

•

= (stand for < http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs > )

•

=> (stands for < http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/log#implies > )

<= (stands for < http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/log#implies > )
New classes and new properties can be defined in new vocabularies [132]. A class can be defined as Listing 7-56
because the rdf:type property is abbreviated as a in N3.

•

Listing 7-56. An RDF Class in N3

:Sport a rdfs:Class.

An object of the class can be defined as shown in Listing 7-57.

Listing 7-57. Declare an Object of a Class in N3

:Kayak a :Sport.

Objects can be in multiple classes. Relationships between classes can be written as shown in Listing 7-58.

Listing 7-58. Class Relationships in N3

:Watersport a rdfs:Class; rdfs:subClassOf :Sport.

A property can be defined as shown in Listing 7-59.

Listing 7-59. Property Declaration in N3

:paddle a rdf:Property.

Relationships between classes are not necessarily hierarchical relationships. You can see an example
in Listing 7-60.

Listing 7-60. Nonhierarchical Relationships in N3

:paddle rdfs:domain :Sport;
rdfs:range :Watersport.

The person's Wikipedia page described in the previous section can be written in N3 as shown in Listing 7-61.

Listing 7-61. A Wikipedia Page Description in N3

@prefix dc: < http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ > .

< http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowan_Atkinson >
dc:title "Rowan Atkinson";
dc:publisher "Wikipedia".

Notation3 has several subsets, including Turtle, N-Triples, N3 RDF, and N3 Rules. The most popular of them is
discussed in the next section.