Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Shengli Oilfield. Since the founding of Dongying in 1983, infrastructure for water supply and flood
located at the Northwest coast of the delta. It is primarily used for supplies for the Shengli Oilfield and
some passenger transport to Dalian, with 3,000-5,000 berths. Design depth for the harbor is 6 m after
completion of the first phase and 10 m after completion of the second phase construction. The local
governor is quoted as saying that the navigation line will be the fastest way from the Yellow River Valley
Economic Belt to the North Eastern China Industrial Zone and will play an important role in the economic
development of China.
6.3.2.2
Water Resources of the Yellow River Delta
The Yellow River is the main water resource of the delta. The distribution of runoff volume among the
months at the Lijin Station and the monthly average sediment concentration are listed in Table 6.5.
August and September are the wettest months with the highest runoff and sediment concentration. April
and May are the driest months. Nevertheless, the clearest water flows in December, January and February
with sediment concentrations less than 5 kg/m
3
.
T
able 6.5
Water distribution among months for the Yellow River at Lijin from 1973 to 1993
Year-
round
Month
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Long term
average runoff
(bi m
3
)
1.270
0.980
1.124 0.783 0.788
0.868
2.911
4.897
5.151
4.741 2.448 1.554 27.52
With guarantee
rate 75%
0.979
0.504
0.269 0.494 0.648
0.021
2.333
5.171
3.077
3.391 1.854 1.701 18.44
With guarantee
rate 95%
0.391
0.108
0.129 0.144 0.041
0.000
0.076
2.989
2.629
1.808 1.517 0.912 10.74
Average
concentration
(kg/m
3
)
2.65
2.99
6.51
5.78
5.72
7.74
30.66
41.96
31.33
18.92
9.72
4.30
25.33
Note:
The guarantee rate stands for the probability of the runoff volume exceeding the given value. For instance, the
probability of runoff volume in January over 0.979 billion m
3
is 75% and the probability of the water volume over
0.391 billion m
3
is 95%
The water resources from the Yellow River are changing and depend, to a great extent, on the economic
development and water diversion from upstream reaches. According to the YRCC report “Development
planning of the Yellow River Basin” in the 1990s, the coal production bases in Shanxi and Sha-anxi
Provinces and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region would divert 2.9 billion m
3
of water from the Yellow
River, Tianjin would divert 2 billion m
3
, and impoundment of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir would increase
water diversion and evaporation. Therefore, the water resources from the Yellow River would continue to
reduce.
The main water resource of the delta area is the Yellow River. Nevertheless, the number of days on
which water diversion is allowed is constrained by:
(1) floods with discharge over 5,000 m
3
/s cannot be diverted;
(2) water with sediment concentration over 30 kg/m
3
is not allowed to be diverted;
(3) during the ice cover period, water diversion may be carried out only 70% of the time; and
(4) the capacity of diversion canals does not match the capacity of diversion works, the maximum
water conveyance is 270 m
3
/s, or only 60% of the capacity of the diversion works.
As long as diversion works and canals have sufficient capacity and the sediment is properly disposed,
water shortage in the delta area can be eased or solved. In other words, the water shortage in Dongying is
due to inadequate water supply infrastructure rather than lack of resources.
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