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designed to create stable scour holes and a low-flow channel with vegetated banks resulted in more
diversified substrate and a greater low-flow channel depth, leading to increased fish abundance and
diversity (Shields and Hoover, 1991). Specifically, installation of spur dikes on alternate banks contributed
to creation of stable pool/riffle habitats, with increased woody debris related habitat and greater carbon
input to the channel.
Fig. 3.57 Sloping drop grade control structure with pre-formed riprap lined scour hole (after McLaughlin Water
Engineers, Ltd., 1986)
Fig. 3.58 Bed profiles of the Giffre River in France measured in 1912 and 1988. The arrows indicate the location
of the weirs (after Bravard et al., 1999)
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