Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
• Control
system
modeling
through
subroutines,
DLLs,
or
Simulink
with
MATLAB.
• Nonlinear time-domain solution for loads analysis.
• Linearization procedure for controls and stability analysis.
We use FAST to simulate the WT and also the wind speed signal. FAST runs on
a laptop with processor Intel Core i5-3230 M to 3.2 GHz and 8GB2 SDRAM
DDR3 to 1600 MHz.
15.2.2 Arduino Microcontroller Board
In contrast to free or open-source software, which is already widely used, open
hardware is quite new. One of the open-source hardware projects that quickly
became popular is Arduino. It was created in 2005 at the Interaction Design
Institute Ivrea (Italy) as a system that allowed students to develop interactive
designs. Arduino ( http://arduino.cc/en/ ) is an open-source physical computing
platform based on a simple microcontroller board, and it offers a software
development environment. The programming language is C/C++ and a number of
libraries make standard applications like printing on an alphanumeric LCD or
using serial communication simple. The board can be programmed using an
USB-interface, and the program is stored in the internal EEPROM of the micro-
controller. Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects, taking inputs from a
variety of switches or sensors, and controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other
physical outputs. Arduino can function autonomously without being connected to a
computer, or alternatively programmed to respond mainly to commands sent from
the computer via various software interfaces or to the data acquired from the input
channels. An extensive documentation about the hard- and software can be found
in Arduino's web site: http://arduino.cc .
In this work the Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller board has been used. It has
54 digital input/output pins, 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a
16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a
reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply
connecting it to a computer with a USB cable or powering it with a AC-to-DC
adapter or battery to get started. Table 15.1 summarizes the Arduino Mega2560
characteristics.
We use Arduino as the controller hardware. We program the controller in C
code (Arduino language) and download it to the Arduino board to run it in real-
time. The following components were used:
• Start-button to start the controller.
• Buzzer to play tone when controller starts and stops.
• Potentiometer (10 kH) to prescribe the reference power to the WT.
• LCD-Display where the commanded reference power is displayed.
A diagram representation of the HIL setup is shown in Fig. 15.2.
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