Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
relationship with urban land and landscape is based on saving resources, recycling,
energy efficiency and creativity.
Several international analyses and rankings show us that a smart planning of
intelligent cities must be increasingly culture-oriented, with policies enhancing the
identity and cultural heritage through internationalization processes, or by estab-
lishing creative hub attracting people, first of all, and then economies. We believe
that Smart and Creative Cities are now the most powerful support of European
policies within the Digital Agenda and Europa 2020 strategy to generate no longer
debit-based and consumer-oriented cities, but based on a new social pact, more
sustainable. They are the DNA of a new urban organism able to rethink devel-
opment (Fig. 8.1 ) and encourage the ''creative explosion'', provided they manage
to implement strategies improving the critical mass, including on the symbolic and
communicative level, leading smartness-based initiatives as part of a far-reaching
European post-metropolitan vision, that needs a new urban paradigm.
References
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Campbell T (2012) Beyond smart cities: how cities Network, learn and innovate. Routledge, New
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Carta M (2014) Reimagining urbanism. Creative, smart and Green Cities for the changing times.
ListLab, Barcelona-Trento
Castells M (2012) Networks of outrage and hope: social movements in the internet age. Polity
Press, Cambridge
Granelli A (2012) Città intelligenti? Per una via italiana alle Smart Cities. Sossella, Bologna
Ratti C, Sassen S (2009) Le megacittà iperconnesse. Aspenia, 44
Sassen S (2011) Open-source urbanism. The new city reader: a newspaper of public space, n. 14,
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Shirky C (2010) Cognitive surplus: creativity and generosity in a connected age. Penguin,
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Waldheim C (2009) The other 56. In: Krieger A, Saunders WS (eds) Urban design. University of
Minnesota Press, Minneapolis
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