Bacterial Degradation of Azo Dye Containing Wastes - Microbial Degradation of Synthetic Dyes in Wastewaters - page 78

ef uent are applied. But environmentalists have apprehensions in using genetically

modi ed organisms, as process will create new environmental problems. It is highly

important to connect researchers of academic institute to industrial plants to

nd out
a large scale treatment process. Even implementation of biological dye ef uent

treatment process on a commercial scale requires interdisciplinary knowledge of
chemistry and biochemical engineering along with microbiology. Time will prove
the signi cance of the application of bacterial treatment of dye containing waste-

water at a commercial level.

12 Conclusions

Bacteria can degrade various azo dyes in anaerobic, aerobic and facultative condi-
tions. Bacterial consortia have been proved more effective in faster mineralization of
complex structured azo dyes than to single strain. Azo dye degradation process is
highly affected by factors, such as pH, temperature, dye structure and concentrations,
oxygen and nutrient sources. Various oxidoreductive enzymes are induced during
remediation of azo dye containing waste. On the basis of different sophisticated
analysis of dyes and metabolites, pathway of degradation has been also proposed.
Using several biological systems, toxicity of azo dyes and generated metabolites was
studied in order to prove detoxi cation of dyes after bacterial treatment.

Acknowledgement We are thankful to Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi for
providing the DST-INSPIRE fellowship (IF 110419) to Tallika L. Patel.

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