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Nanostructured Nitrogen Doping TiO 2
Nanomaterials for Photoanodes
of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Wei Guo and Tingli Ma
Abstract This paper presents a review of nanostructured nitrogen doping
(N-doped) TiO 2 nanomaterials and their application into dye-sensitized solar cells
(DSCs). Such N-doped TiO 2 nanomaterials aim at enhancing the performance of
TiO 2 photoanodes for DSCs. Herein, we summarize the different synthesis
methods, nanostructures, and physiochemical properties of N-doped TiO 2 . Also,
the differences in electron transport behavior in DSCs based on N-doped and pure
TiO 2 photoanodes were involved. Further understanding of the nanostructured
N-doped TiO 2 photoanodes will promote the development of energy conversion
and other related areas.
Keywords Dye-sensitized solar cell Nitrogen-doped titania Photoanode
Charge transport
1 Introduction
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have been extensively studied for decades as a
low-cost alternative to conventional silicon solar cells since they were reported by
Grätzel and co-workers [ 1 , 2 ]. Encouragingly, many improvements have been
achieved by introducing new dyes, electrolytes, and different morphologies to the
semiconductor materials [ 3 ]. The highest energy conversion efficiency of DSCs
has reached to 12.3 % [ 3 ]. However, further improving the energy conversion
efficiency of DSCs is important for successful commercialization. Photoanodes
made of metal oxide semiconductor are known to be one of the key components
that significantly affect the overall energy conversion efficiency of DSCs.
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