Environmental Engineering Reference
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Fig. 16 a Schematic illustration of the forming 3-D TiO
2
Inverse Opal Structures by chemical
solution method; SEM images of (c) polystyrene beads (host) and (d) TiO
2
inverse opal (after
removing polystyrene beads); (Reprint permission from Science Direct, [
142
] and ACS publisher
especially in the red part of the solar spectrum. Wide range of IO-based photoa-
nodes were exemplified in DSSCs as a (a) effective scaffold for high sensitizer
loading [
138
] (b) scattering layer [
139
,
140
] (c) window layer for more light photon
harvesting [
141
], and (d) high electron-collection 3-D conductive grid [
142
].
Among many characteristics of IO, particularly opal size (diameter) [
133
,
143
] and
thickness of the electrode [
131
,
138
,
144
] has influencing the device performance of
DSSCs.
The QDSCs with IO electrodes has been well demonstrated by Prof. Toyoda
group. The influence of the QDs deposition time at IO surface was studied in detail
[
145
]. Diaguna et al. studied the influence of opal diameter on photovoltaic per-
formance
[
146
].
The
J-V
performance
of
two
different
TiO
2
inverse
opal
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