Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Abstract
In this chapter, we seek to analyze the research into the field of social
media implementation in public administrations, examining the theo-
ries that support the use of social media, the main use of this technol-
ogy for public administrations, and the trends and research innovations
in this area in the future. In addition, a comparative study will be per-
formed to identify differences of research, research gaps, and inter-
est on the different domains of this topic into different contexts. To
achieve the aims, the scientometric methodology will be applied to
a sample of papers published in journals listed in the fields of Public
Administration, Information Sciences, and Communication. In this
sense, the research about social media has not been the same in all
areas. Knowledge gaps and research opportunities are identified from
these observations, which reveal changes in the research methods
applied, reinforcing the development of a theoretical framework so that
the application of social media may efficiently contribute to improving
management in the public sector.
Keywords
: social media, scientometric study, research opportunities,
United States, Europe, Asia
5.1 introduction
E-strategies have been the key elements for governments to perform investment
planning on information communication and technologies and to manage social
change (Anthopoulos & Fitdilis, 2014). In this regard, e-government development
has been characterized by a three-stage process (Taylor, 2012). The first one is called
the era of “direct government” and is characterized by the pronouncements of a
set of guiding principles to underpin development; the main ones were choice,
confidence, and accessibility. Under this stage, governments offered only static,
limited, and basic information, such as links to ministries/departments, archived
information, and regional/local government services. In addition, governments
usually implement unidirectional government-to-citizen information flows such as
online policies, laws and regulation, reports, newsletters, and downloadable data-
bases, among other things (United Nations, 2012).
In the second stage, called “orthodox government,” a new wave of investment
by the government in information communication and technology applications
was expected. Services tailored to individual needs, more joined-up government
services, and opportunities for a “mixed economy” of service provision that could
include organizations from private and voluntary sectors were promised in this
stage. Under this stage of development, Brown (2010) proposed the strategy called
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