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Fig. 4.1 Typical steps of a
computer vision system
possible to interpret it more easily. After these steps, the image should be ready to
have its characteristics of interest obtained.
Lastly, the processing step recognizes patterns and interprets the image, giving
meaning to the set of objects in the image, in order to improve on human visu-
alization and the perception of the data automatically by computer.
Currently, computer vision has been used in various industry sectors, contrib-
uting significantly in many stages of the production cycle of a product, such as
robot control, task automation, production planning, and quality control. In terms
of hardware, a CVS is basically composed of a light source, a device for image
capture and a computer system, as shown in Fig.
4.2
. A CVS is usually used in
production lines where human activity is repetitive and tedious. In this situation,
products are manufactured very quickly requiring fast and accurate measurements,
necessary for making decisions during the process.
4.3 The Color Perception
Currently, color theory can be divided into three main sorts: physical color
(physical optics), physiological color (physiological optics), and chemical color
(physicochemical optics). Thus, the phenomenon of color depends on the nature of
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