Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 3.14
Use of leachate
and hazrdous waste contain-
ing water for development of
high rate algal ponds [HRAP]
(HDPE liner is the barrier).
Please note the profuse
growth of algae
+'3(OLQLQJ
nations however, in tropical nations due to water scarcity and high surface evapo-
transpitration the constructed wetlands for treatment of waste waters is not gaining
significance. “Green India Mission” launched by Government of India (GOI) has
an ambitious plan of 10 year afforestation plan at a cost of ` 46,000 crores (one
core = 10 million) to add 10 million ha for forest cover to the nation's 40-42 mil-
lion ha of good quality forests. This is expected to increase forest cover substan-
tially. To reduce pressure on land and to increase forest cover, it also anticipated
to use contaminated land to fulfil this mission. Upon successful completion of this
mission, the established green cover is expected to sequester 50-60 million t of car-
bon dioxide per year by 2020 as per the estimates of the Ministry of Environment
and Forests, GOI.
Acknowledgements
The author gratefully acknowledges the Ministry of Environment and For-
ests, GOI, New Delhi (MoEF Ref. No. 17/3/2010-RE Dt 29-2-2012) for the award of Pitamber
Pant National Environment Fellowship. Thanks are due to the authorities of NALCO, Angul for
providing necessary facilities and Dr G.V. Subrahmanyam, Adviser, Ministry of Environment and
Forests, Govt. of India, New Delhi for encouragement and useful suggestions. Thanks are also due
to Dr D.K. Behera, Odisha State pollution control board, Bhubaneswar for useful information and
suggestions. The author also gratefully acknowledges Nyveli Lignite Corporation (NLC) and also
Manganese Ore India Ltd. (MOIL) Gumgaon, for sharing information on this subject. Part of the
work has been carriedout with the financial support of DST, New Delhi for a project “Phytoman-
agement of metalliferous soils” DST/INT/THAI/P-02/2012 dated 31-1-13.
References
Abbasi SA, Nipaney PC, Panholzer MB (1991) Biogas production from the aquatic weed pistia
(
Pistia stratiotes
). Bioresour Technol 37:211-214
Bell LC (2001) Establishment of native ecosystems after mining—Australian experience across
diverse biogeographic zones. Ecol Eng 17:179-186
