Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 6
Integration of Different Bioindication
Methods for Chemical Elements:
The Multi-Markered-Bioindication-Concept
(MMBC)
Bernd Markert, Agáta Fargašová, Stefan Fraenzle and Simone
Wuenschmann
Abstract
Before entering the field of integrating different bioindication methods,
clear-cut definitions of the terms bioindication, biomonitoring and others are given.
For purposes of bioindication and biomonitoring of chemical elements obviously,
both a highly specific approach concerning each single chemical species of an ele-
ment and a comprehensive treatment of general features are required. The latter is
given in the Biological System of Elements. To observe the quality of our environ-
ment the use of living organisms in biotests, bioindication and biomonitoring activi-
ties is an established method of determining inorganic and organic contaminants.
To achieve a more public-related prophylactic healthcare feature derived from these
biotechniques in the future, all existing tools of analytical and biological inves-
tigations of the past must be concentrated on a common focus. A first approach,
including an example for transferring trace elements from food into children
via the nursering mother, is given in a so called Multi-Markered-Bioindication-
Concept (MMBC). Further on, the collaboration between analytical scientists,
Definitions, strategies and scientific results of this review article correspond to Markert, (
1996
);
Markert et al. (
2003a
); Markert (
2007
); Wünschmann (
2007
) and Wuenschmann et al. (
2008
) of
the reference list
