Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 7
Bone Tissue Remodelling Analysis
Abstract In this chapter the proposed bone tissue remodelling algorithm using the
NNRPIM is applied to several problems. First a two-dimensional benchmark
example is used to validate the bone trabecular remodelling. In this example
distinct material laws are studied as well as the influence of the model nodal
discretization and the anisotropy of the biomaterial. Next, the study is extended to
the three-dimensional analysis, where a test problem based in another benchmark
example is presented. Afterwards, it is numerically simulated the bone tissue
remodelling occurring in natural bones. Thus, the calcaneus bone is simulated
using a two-dimensional approach, for this example the obtained trabecular bone
architecture is in very good agreement with the one that can be found in calcaneus
bone X-ray images. The same quality results were found in the two-dimensional
approach of the femur example. Additionally, a three-dimensional analysis of the
femur is presented. Ending this section, it is studied a two-dimensional model of
the maxillary central incisor constructed using the available data in clinical lit-
erature. The complete elasto-static analysis of the incisor/maxillary structure,
using the NNRPIM, is evaluated and then the nonlinear iterative local NNRPIM
analysis of the maxillary bone tissue remodelling is performed. The last section of
the present chapter shows the bone tissue remodelling due to the insertion of
implants. First it is studied the bone tissue remodelling process of the premolar
region of the mandible due to the inclusion of an implant system. Then, the bone
tissue remodelling response to the insertion of a femoral implant, after an idealized
subcapital or transcervical neck fracture, is studied.
7.1 Bone Patch Analysis
In this section the proposed bone remodelling algorithm, using the NNRPIM, is
applied to two-dimensional and three-dimensional bone micro-patches. The pur-
pose is to validate the biomechanical numerical model, comparing the obtain
