Video Compression - Introduction to Data Compression - page 666

broadcast video, and video over packet networks. Each application has slightly different re-
quirements, leading to different ways of using the compression algorithms. We have by no
means attempted to cover the entire area of video compression. However, by now you should
have sufficient background to explore the subject further using the following list as a starting
point.

Further Reading

1. An excellent source for information about the technical issues involved with digital video
is the topic The Art of Digital Video , by J. Watkinson [ 266 ].
2. The MPEG-1 standards document [ 260 ], “Information Technology—Coding of Moving
Pictures and Associated Audio for Digital Storage Media Up to about 1.5 Mbit/s,” has
an excellent description of the video compression algorithm.
3. Detailed information about the MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 video standards can also be found
in MPEG Video Compression Standard , by J.L. Mitchell, W.B. Pennebaker, C.E. Fogg,
and D.J. LeGall [ 267 ].
4. To find more on model-based coding, see “Model Based Image Coding: Advanced Video
Coding Techniques for Very Low Bit-Rate Applications,” by K. Aizawa and T.S. Huang
[ 258 ], in the February 1995 issue of the Proceedings of the IEEE .
5. A good place to begin exploring the various areas of research in packet video is the June
1989 issue of the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas of Communication .
6. The MPEG 1/2 and MPEG 4 standards are covered in an accesible manner in The MPEG
Handbook , by J. Watkinson [ 266 ]. Focal Press 2001.
7. A good source for information about H.264 and MPEG-4 is H.264 and MPEG-4 Video
Compression , by I.E.G. Richardson. Wiley, 2003 [ 286 ].

19.15 Projects and Problems

1. (a) Take the DCT of the Sinan image and plot the average squared value of each
coefficient.
(b) Circularly shift each line of the image by eight pixels. That is, ne

w _ image [ i , j ]=

. Take the DCT of the difference and plot the
average squared value of each coefficient.
(c) Compare the results in parts (a) and (b) above. Comment on the differences.

old _ image [ i , j + 8 ( mod 256 ) ]