Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
(A)
Treeline
Terrain
Ecozone
Former
tree-line
Tundra
Northern limit of
certain tree species
Tree-line
Forest
-tundra
Limit of forest
Economic (forest)
tree-line
Boreal
forest
Alpine
Timberlines
(B)
Polar
desert
Summit
Topographic site
Snow cover
Alpine periglacial
environment
Ridge
Snow free
Upper slope
Geum
turf
Periglacial
zone
Periglacial
zone
Winter snow cover
Lower slope
Snow
accumulation
Deschampsia
meadow
Basin
Carex
bog
Salix
thicket
Late
snowbed
Lowland
environment
Tundra
Stream bed
Lee exposure
windward exposure
Wind exposure
Figure 1.2.
Relationship between the periglacial zone, the treeline and the timberline. (A) Forest
limits and tree-lines according to Hustich (1966). (B) The plant type distribution, from tundra to
polar desert, and from lowland to alpine (upland) environments, according to Billings and Mooney
(1968).
