Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
People involved in the management and control of pest species within the marine
environment face a unique range of challenges and problems, many of which are
not prevalent in freshwater and terrestrial pest management (e.g. the expansive
inter-connectivity nature of the marine environment, accessibility issues, etc.). For
this reason, it is often thought that post-border management of marine pest spe-
cies is largely futile (e.g. Sanderson 1990; Brown and Lamare 1994; h resher and
Kuris 2004). Nevertheless while the successful management of any marine pest
incursion must begin with eff ective pre-border strategies, there is also a suite of
knowledge and tools available for eff ective post-border management of marine
pest species, at least under certain circumstances. An eff ective marine biosecu-
rity system will conceivably consist of vector management, surveillance, incursion
response, and control measures that target particular pests or suites of functionally
similar species (e.g., biofouling organisms), coupled with generic approaches (e.g.
vector management) that aims to reduce human-mediated transport of all pest
organisms (Forrest
et al
. 2009). h e reality of marine post-border management is
that there will be some successes and many failures, but this is not to say that we
should focus all of our attention on pre-border management. h ere is a funda-
mental role for science in refi ning the knowledge and tools on which post-border
management priorities and decisions are based. In particular, major gains will be
made in the development of novel response tools that are publicly acceptable, cost-
eff ective, and can be targeted towards specifi c pests, or groups of pest organisms,
across a range of spatial scales.
Our sincere thanks to Grant Hopkins for his valuable comments on a draft manu-
script of this chapter. Funding for this work was provided by the New Zealand
Foundation for Research Science and Technology NIWA/Cawthron Outcome
Based Investment programme, Effective Management of Marine Biodiversity and
Biosecurity (EMMBB).
