Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Input
Vegetative
propagation
Bud
bank
Dispersal
Output
Vegetation
Seed production
Predation
Aboveground
seed bank
Seedling
bank
Sapling
bank
Input
Output
Seed rain
(dispersal)
Germination
Fire
Wind
Water
Animals
Mechanical
Passive
Light
Temperature
Water
Fire
Mechanical
Chemical
Predation
Soil seed bank
Physical
Animal
Failed
germination
Pathogens
Deep
burial
Physiological
death
Fig. 9.2
General model of the soil seed bank and bud bank showing
environmental factors determining inputs and outputs. Reproduced with
permission from Simpson R.L., Allessio Leck M., and Parker V.T. (1989). Seed
banks: General concepts and methodological issues. In Allessio Leck M., Parker
V.T., and Simpson R.L. (eds.)
Ecology of Soil Seed Banks
, pp. 3-8. Academic
Press, San Diego, CA.
and Lembi 1999; Radosevich
et al
. 2007). Prevention involves procedures that
inhibit the establishment of specifi c plants in areas that are not already inhab-
ited by them. These practices restrict the introduction, propagation, and spread
of weeds or invasive plants on a local or regional level. Preventive measures
