Information Systems Development Methodologies - High Level Models and Methodologies for Information Systems - page 52

discipline and rigor on the development process. The idea is that the automation of
work tasks facilitates the entire process by leaving room for the analysis and
designing aspects of a system

is development (Hogan and Raja 1997 ). It is essen-
tially a data-oriented methodology (Zaied et al. 2003 ) and its primary tools are
enterprise models, data models and process models, worked in a top-down process
(Zarvic and Daneva 2006 ).
This methodology not only focuses on the organizational purposes, but also
places great emphasis on the information infrastructure on which to base man-
agement of the process, allowing the team to supervise their own project (Aouad
et al. 1993 ). It is seen as a framework outlining a variety of techniques that are used
to develop and design IS effectively.
IE is rooted in the idea that different variables involved in a given system are
brought together in order to develop a cross-functional system (Hogan and Raja
1997 ). One popular tool to achieve this is the automated computer-aided software
engineering (CASE toolset), essentially a set of programs and automated mecha-
nisms that allow the project to be developed but also monitored and controlled
(Hogan and Raja 1997 ).
IE is structured as a method to collect and effectively apply information from the
real world into the desired system. According to Roberts ( 2010 ), this translates into
a process shaped like an inverted V, where information is acquired by sensors and
transported into an operating system which will allow for that data to be processed,
and eventually analyzed. After analysis and inference, the operating system is
modeled and controlled into an output hardware, and this will impact the real world,
through the system

'

' s actuators.

c contexts and projects, but
is evidently more focused on the tools and concrete methods of IS development
than the less obvious elements such as user satisfaction.

IE is a flexible method that can be adapted to speci

3.2.8 Jackson Systems Development (JSD)

The Jackson systems development (JSD) is a method for specifying and designing

systems whose application domain has a strong temporal

“

flavor and contains objects
whose behavior is describable in terms of sequences of events (Jackson 2002 ).

This IS development methodology appears as an extension of the program design
methodology referred to as Jackson structured programming (JSP), a method
centered on the premise that programs must process one or more sequential streams
of data. The JSP was extended to JSD with the purpose to design and implement
information systems (Jackson 1992 ).
Because JSD derives from JSP, Jackson ( 2000 ) states that this methodology was
based on the principles of program design. An information system can be seen as a
simulation, or model, of the

”

with further functionality to offer the
information outputs. The real world, in this context, is viewed as a collection of
entities such as customers, products, or accounts. For that reason, this methodology

“ real world, ”