Information Systems’ Models for Success Assessment - High Level Models and Methodologies for Information Systems - page 127

of this period is dependent on a variety of factors, namely the quality of the
technology, the project management and the data, the intricacy of the system, user
involvement, and the professional competences of the developers (Ballantine et al.
1996 ).
Deployment is initiated once the system is fully developed and it refers to its
implementation in the particular context for which it was designed. The imple-
mentation phase proves that regardless of a system s technical quality, its accep-

tance by the users will dictate its success or failure. If, for example, the use of the
system is compulsory rather than voluntary, this will also invalidate its proliferation
in the deployment phase and consequently in the delivery (Ballantine et al. 1996 ).
To complete the three stages, delivery happens when the system has been
implemented and it is ready to accomplish the objectives for which it was intended.
Between each level, there are

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filters that act upon the three stages and can inhibit
or encourage the adoption of the system at each stage. These filters are described as

implementation, acting between development and deployment; integration, acting
between deployment and delivery; and environment, acting upon delivery. Possible
factors of implementation are user involvement and expectations, user experience,
and whether the system is mandatory or discretionary. Possible factors of inte-
gration are strategy, organizational culture, and organizational structure. Possible
factors of environment are competitor movements, economic, and political context
(Ballantine et al. 1996 ). Some of these factors are exogenous, as in they are
completely independent factors that develop outside the system (Fig. 7.5 ).

Fig. 7.5 The 3D model of IS success (adapted from Ballantine et al. 1996 )